The Legacy Of Roman Art Essay Example For Students

The Legacy Of Roman Art Essay From the beginnings of human existence art has been used to depict, glorify, and eternize the cultures of a society. Though the ages of time none have become more world renown than the workings of the Roman civilization; an art form which incorporated the customs of the Etruscans and Greeks to create an individualistic style that appealed to the cultural aesthetics of the time period. Of the various forms of art used by the Romans, the one which most clearly illustrates this is the Romans architecture, arguably the most influential and impressive use of artistic ideals. By using innovative new materials, establishing new building methods, and absorbing surrounding and past cultural ideologies the Romans were able to leave a legacy of greatness for generations to come. Roman architecture was undoubtedly eclectic, using different styles from various cultures across Europe. The earliest buildings focused mainly on the styles of the Etruscans, the people who populated large areas of Italy before the rise of the Roman civilization. These techniques were with the use of simple arches for strength and sparing the amount of stone used during construction. We will write a custom essay on The Legacy Of Roman Art specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The structures were formed on top of platforms, or podiums, and commonly had deep porches with only one stairway gaining access to the platform. After gaining knowledge from Greek builders, these structures added various styles of columns which created a more aesthetic image of the Roman edifices found in the main city areas. One such structure which clearly depicts the combination of Etruscan and Greek architecture is the Temple of Portunus, which mixes ionic and engaged columns on a building with a deep porch constructed on top of a large podium. Various government and religious buildings in Roman cities were constructed in a similar fashion. Along with the adoption of architectural design from past cultures, the Romans used artistic ideals from civilizations neighboring the boarders of the empire which were gained while on campaigns to gain territories. Once such advancement was the mosaic, another Greek method which decorated stone buildings with colorful chips mixed into the concrete. Even with use of simple aesthetically appealing workings on the outside of buildings, there was much more emphasis on the interior space and decoration than on the appearance of the exterior. (Ramage, 52) The appearance of the interior was commonly improved with the addition of various other forms of art such as paintings and sculptures. While the civilization of ancient Italy used ethnocentrism in politics and government, they incorporated various cultures into their artistic creations. The most influential adaptation of the Etruscan architecture to the Roman world was that of the arch. While it underwent advancements, the arch was the most efficient way to shape structures. Commonly used in buildings, the arch had another important role in Roman culture. It was vital in the creation of various Roman aqueducts because The arch itself has the functional appeal of great strength, coupled with the relatively spare requirement for building materials, in relation to its size. (Ramage, 94) This was a great benefit since the aqueducts stretched long distances over wide valleys and deep gorges. Although difficult, the architectural patterns of these allowed for aesthetic achievement. With proportionate arches per level, such as one arch on the first level being the same distance as three arches on the second level, the rhythm set up by the long rows of arches is satisfying and beautiful at the same time. (Ramage, 94) Although most arches were used with a physical purpose, various arches were designed and constructed for intellectual and social purposes. Some structures such as extravagant arches allowed Roman leaders to symbolize ideas and reflect on past events with the use of artwork through architecture. One of the most famous of these is the Arch of Trajan located at Benevento. .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .postImageUrl , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:hover , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:visited , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:active { border:0!important; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:active , .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6 .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7447cf142561c1541d3e093225e36e6:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Sound Of Ghostface Killah Shattering Preconceived Notions Of Art And The Modern Aesthetic EssayWith this arch Trajan was able to present the goals and ideals of his policies through imagery. The images used were meant to connect to the common citizens under his rule, and being built on a major road through Italy demonstrated his commitment to public works. This was backed by the six relief panels carved into each side of the arch. Each panel was created with the intention of depicting a topic clearly and simply to the viewer. In one image the pairing of military and civilian subjects implies that prosperity and well-being result from the pacification of peoples beyond the frontiers. (DAmbra, 83) While being carved in beautiful shapes, the Arch of Trajan appeals to the aesthetics of the culture while conveying messages from a ruler to his citizens. Romans used a mix of architectural techniques to depict ideas and remember past accomplishments. Most structures, not only arches, also incorporated carvings out of the framework itself, mixing sculpting and architecture to form one aesthetic work of art. One such monument was erected by the senate in honor of Augustuss return from wars in Gaul and Spain. This was created to show the advancements of the Roman civilization while glorifying and emphasizing the greatness of the Empire. While there was constant construction through the lands of Rome, there was destruction as well. In order to unify the ideals of beauty the cities buildings had to be unified as well. The use of concrete, stone, marble and columns to erect buildings assured that the city would uniformly appeal to the Roman aesthetics. It is for this reason that prominent citizens and emperors put up buildings and tore down eyesore to improve their cities. (DAmbra, 59) This also created an image of superiority of the empire over other cultures. While the basic forms of Roman architecture were adapted from the surrounding past and present cultures, their innovation led to the advancement of these traditional ideals. The most notable advancement would be the invention of concrete to construct buildings. Composed of broken stones, flint, and sand, when this material became mixed with lime it created an amazingly durable and strong material known as concrete. With this, the newly developed material formed the core of most walls and ceilings of Roman structures. It is for this reason that concrete is the most significant Roman invention, contributing more than any other material, says Professor Middleton, to make Rome the proverbially eternal city. (Walters, 23) Since the material was shaped by surrounding wood structures which could later be removed, the outer appearance of buildings became unattractive. To avoid this brick and marble were used as an outer shell of structures to conform to the beauty of surrounding Roman creations. The discovery of concrete and the efficiency of reusing the wood frames to construct buildings made architecture far quicker and easier than ever before. It is clear that once the Romans had put the idea of using vaults and concrete together, the possibilities were endless. (Ramage, 53) Elaborate structures were now accessible, and the ability to erect enormous structures which were previously impossible due to the difficulty of stones and bricks were now possible. While structures were used for housing of citizens, the beautiful creations commonly thought of as Roman architecture were made in dedication to religious entities, legendary rulers, and social activities for citizens. The most well known creation with the use of concrete was the Coliseum. Actually called the Flavian Amphitheater, it was one of the largest and most elaborate buildings in the world throughout the time of the Roman Empire. Used purely for social purposes, it stood four stories high and still appeased visually to the citizens of Rome. Still using the aesthetic ideas of the Greeks, each level had a different style of columns circling the structure. From this, each floor of the colosseum made the exterior visually linked to Greek architecture while the structure itself was erected with entirely by Roman techniques. .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .postImageUrl , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:hover , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:visited , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:active { border:0!important; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:active , .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8740d31dbcbf5fd656dd8e1eb52ff4bd:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Native American Art EssayThe greatness of this virtually eternal structure is so well know that even today it is universally recognized as one of the most astonishing accomplishments of all time. From all this it is not surprising that the Colosseum was the grandest amphitheater anywhere. (Ramage, 136) Along with the colosseum, other socially useful buildings were created from new Roman advancements. Even after thousands of years of aging, The elaborate and splendid character of the baths erected by the Romans sufficiently indicates what an important part they played in their daily life. (Walters, 37) Combining various buildings to form a single structure with the use of gigantic domes, the intricacies of baths not only show their importance to the citizens, but also depict the mechanical knowledge and constructive genius of the Roman architects. While still mixing the structural ideas of other cultures with their own innovations, baths became magnificently beautiful structures complete with gymnasiums, sitting areas, libraries, and baths. Along with the skillful architectural design, these structures were filled with sculptures and paintings making them popular social meeting places. With all the innovative structures created by the Romans it is clear that their cultural significance is more than just a building for prayer, gathering, or living. These structures were built to symbolize the greatness of Rome while appealing to the social and aesthetic ideology of the civilization. With the expressions of ideology, recognitions of accomplishments, and the unification of aesthetics made the artistic architecture of the Roman cities a universally uncontested marvel.

Important Quotes From Anne Franks Diary

Important Quotes From Anne Frank's Diary When Anne Frank turned 13 on June 12, 1942, she received a red-and-white checkered diary as a birthday present. For the next two years, Anne wrote in her diary, chronicling her move into the Secret Annex, her troubles with her mother, and her blossoming love for Peter (a boy also hiding in the annex). Her writing is extraordinary for many reasons. Certainly, it is one of the very few diaries salvaged from a young girl in hiding, but it also a very honest and revealing account of a young girl coming of age despite her surrounding circumstances. Ultimately, Anne Frank and her family were discovered by the Nazis and sent to concentration camps. Anne Frank died in Bergen-Belsen in March 1945 of typhus. Insightful Quotes From Anne Frank's Diary Writing in a diary is a really strange experience for someone like me. Not only because Ive never written anything before, but also because it seems to me that later on neither I nor anyone else will be interested in the musings of a thirteen-year-old schoolgirl. (June 20, 1942)Ive learned one thing: you only really get to know a person after a fight. Only then can you judge their true character! (September 28, 1942)Sometimes I think God is trying to test me, both now and in the future. Ill have to become a good person on my own, without anyone to serve as a model or advise me, but itll make me stronger in the end. (October 30, 1943)I long to ride a bike, dance, whistle, look at the world, feel young and know that Im free, and yet I cant let it show. Just imagine what would happen if all eight of us were to feel sorry for ourselves or walk around with the discontent clearly visible on our faces. Where would that get us? (December 24, 1943)Mother has said that she sees us more as frie nds than as daughters. Thats all very nice, of course, except that a friend cant take the place of a mother. I need my mother to set a good example and be a person I can respect, but in most matters, shes an example of what not to do. (January 6, 1944) Peter added, The Jews have been and always will be the chosen people! I answered, Just this once, I hope theyll be chosen for something good! (February 16, 1944)Riches, prestige, everything can be lost. But the happiness in your own heart can only be dimmed; it will always be there, as long as you live, to make you happy again. (February 23, 1944)I want friends, not admirers. People who respect me for my character and my deeds, not my flattering smile. The circle around me would be much smaller, but what does that matter, as long as theyre sincere? (March 7, 1944)Have my parents forgotten that they were young once? Apparently, they have. At any rate, they laugh at us when were serious, and theyre serious when were joking. (March 24, 1944)Im honest and tell people right to their faces what I think, even when its not very flattering. I want to be honest; I think it gets you further and also makes you feel better about yourself. (March 25, 1944)I dont want to live in vain like most peop le. I want to be useful or bring enjoyment to all people, even those Ive never met. I want to go on living even after my death! (April 5, 1944) Ive asked myself again and again whether it wouldnt have been better if we hadnt gone into hiding; if we were dead now and didnt have to go through this misery, especially so that the others could be spared the burden. But we all shrink from this thought. We still love life, we havent yet forgotten the voice of nature, and we keep hoping, hoping for . . . everything. (May 26, 1944)To be honest, I cant imagine how anyone could say Im weak and then stay that way. If you know that about yourself, why not fight it, why not develop your character? (July 6, 1944)We have many reasons to hope for great happiness, but . . . we have to earn it. And thats something you cant achieve by taking the easy way out. Earning happiness means doing good and working, not speculating and being lazy. Laziness may look inviting, but only work gives you true satisfaction. (July 6, 1944)Its a wonder I havent abandoned all my ideals, they seem so absurd and impractical. Yet I cling to them because I still belie ve, in spite of everything, that people are truly good at heart. (July 15, 1944)

Cultural Competency Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cultural Competency - Research Paper Example The paper would primarily discuss the ways and means the school can help adapt the new students in the new environment. The school starts in two weeks time. Thus, creating a cultural proficiency within the school environment must become the priority of the educational leadership within the school. Sederberg (1984) claims that in organization the power belongs to those who can define or describe circumstances in ways that convince others that things are as they say they are. Educational leaders, who are endowed with effective communication skill and cultural understanding, have the capability to influence the cultural identity of the group within the institute thus facilitating changes in the institutional culture to adapt to the changing environment. Thus, the role of specialist teachers or teachers who are proficient in the language of the immigrant population becomes highly crucial. Learning the language and culture of the host country facilitates rapid adjustment. Hence, school administration and the teachers must take initiative in encouraging networking with immigrant population and their children so as to create awareness regarding the need to adapt to changes vis-Ã  -vis language barrier and cross cultural understanding. As a specialist teacher, I would facilitate their adjustment by organizing interactive session to familiarize them with new language and culture. The primary aim would be to teach them important words of English so that they are able to communicate with the rest of the students. Another aspect would be to create cross cultural understanding. This is a very important aspect of teachers as leaders. They are able to motivate the students coming from diverse background to understand each others culture and develop mutual respect. Indeed, educational leadership helps in the process of acculturation. Initial loss of